https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-025-01877-5
Regular Article
Effects of magnetic field orientation and buoyancy on heat transfer and entropy generation in a circular–trapezoidal magneto-nanofluidic system
1
Deanship of Scientific Research, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Management, Kolaghat, India
3
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Government Engineering College Samastipur, 848127, Samastipur, Bihar, India
4
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, 700032, Kolkata, India
5
Department of Power Engineering, Jadavpur University, 700106, Kolkata, India
Received:
10
April
2025
Accepted:
23
August
2025
Published online:
6
September
2025
This investigation examines computational analysis of magnetohydrodynamic-driven thermal convection occurring within an innovative circular–trapezoidal geometry under base-wall thermal excitation. The research evaluates how externally imposed directional magnetic forces and dispersed nanoparticles influence thermal transport efficiency and convective motion characteristics. Governing conservation equations undergo numerical resolution through finite element methodology across diverse boundary specifications. A systematic parameter evaluation determines how key dimensionless quantities including Hartmann parameter, Rayleigh parameter, and nanoparticle concentration affect thermal-fluid behavior. Results demonstrate that magnetic field application substantially suppresses circulation patterns, consequently reducing thermal transport effectiveness with increasing Ha values. Conversely, elevated Ra promotes natural convection strength, resulting in superior thermal mixing and improved energy dissipation. Quantitative analysis reveals that increased Rayleigh parameters boost thermal transport effectiveness by factors reaching 4.8 relative to baseline conditions. The magnetic effect subdues thermal transport up to 70.43% for a horizontal field. However, a 39.22% enhancement is observed with the vertical field arrangement. This research provides crucial insights into optimizing thermal performance in nanofluidic systems. The results have practical significance for applications in energy management, electronic cooling, and microfluidic thermal control.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to EDP Sciences, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
