https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-025-02002-2
Regular Article
Synchronous-frequency oscillation in grid-forming converter power grids
1
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, Hubei, China
2
Hubei Electric Power Security and High Efficiency Key Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, Hubei, China
3
Power Dispatching Control Center of Guangdong Power Grid, 510000, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
4
Department Complexity Science, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, 14473, Potsdam, Germany
5
Institute of Physics, Humboldt University of Berlin, 10099, Berlin, Germany
a
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Received:
8
February
2025
Accepted:
30
September
2025
Published online:
16
October
2025
Abstract
As one of the key infrastructures of our modern society, the power system is of utmost importance, and meanwhile, as the largest and most complex man-made system in the world, its dynamics is very complicated and hard to grasp. The new-type power systems with renewable energy as the main body are facing many emerging problems of stability and broadband oscillation. Whether the new-type power systems can operate safely and stably is facing great risks and challenges. It is a serious problem and relevant studies can benefit from the complex system dynamical theory. Therefore, this paper first gives a basic introduction of new-type power system oscillations and further takes the synchronous-frequency oscillation (SFO) (for the oscillation at the working frequency) of the grid-forming (GFM) converter tied systems as an example. Three state-space models are established and compared to show the occurrence condition of the SFO. It is found that the transmission line dynamics, which is usually ignored in the traditional power system analysis, actually plays a dominant role in the SFO. This finding is well verified by simulations and theoretical analyses.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to EDP Sciences, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
