https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-025-02041-9
Review
Review on mixed-mode oscillations dynamics based on neuron models and neural networks
Department of Mathematics, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, China
Received:
30
July
2025
Accepted:
20
October
2025
Published online:
28
October
2025
Mixed-mode oscillations (MMOs) are complex oscillation patterns comprising small-amplitude oscillations (SAOs) and large-amplitude oscillations (LAOs). These phenomena have been extensively observed in biological, physical, and chemical systems, and play vital roles in understanding cellular dynamics. This paper concentrates on recent researches elucidating MMOs and their underlying dynamic mechanisms in neuronal models. First, we discuss MMOs in models with varying neuron numbers. The fold points are crucial in the FitzHugh–Nagumo–Rinzel (FHR) model, while the symmetry breaking in coupled neuron models offers novel perspectives. Moreover, the effects of coupling strength and adjacent neurons in neural networks are explored. Furthermore, selected studies employing distinct methods are introduced, which inspire novel insights or development directions for MMOs.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to EDP Sciences, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
