https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-026-02188-z
Regular Article
Entropy production in the Garay–Lefever growth population model
Institute of Theoretical Physics and Mark Kac Center for Complex Systems Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
a
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Received:
28
October
2025
Accepted:
3
February
2026
Published online:
18
February
2026
Abstract
The Garay–Lefever model of cancer growth is a mathematical model proposed to describe the temporal local dynamics of tumor growth. It is particularly significant for studying how cancer cells invade surrounding tissues. Many biological systems like gene regulatory networks, ion channels, biochemical reactions, and sensory adaptation mechanisms often show bistability or multistability, where noise induces switching between states. For systems undergoing noise-induced transitions, entropy production increases during state switching, reflecting energy dissipation and loss of detailed balance. In this article, we address the issue of entropy production in a stochastic version of the Garay–Lefever model and demonstrate how entropy production helps to quantify the energetic cost of maintaining dynamic states in the model and transitions between them.
This paper is dedicated to the dearest memory of our Friend and Collaborator, Professor Danuta Makowiec.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to EDP Sciences, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2026
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
