https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-026-02311-0
Regular Article
Strangeness production in nucleus–nucleus collisions at high Baryon density
1
Key Laboratory of Quark and Lepton Physics (MOE) and Institute of Particle Physics, Luoyu Road, 430079, Wuhan, China
2
Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research in Europe GmbH (FAIR GmbH), Planckstr. 1, 64291, Darmstadt, Germany
3
GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291, Darmstadt, Germany
4
Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanchang Road, 730000, Lanzhou, China
a
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b
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c
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Received:
27
October
2025
Accepted:
8
April
2026
Published online:
22
April
2026
Abstract
In low energy nuclear collisions, especially near the strangeness nucleon-nucleon production threshold, strange hadrons serve as sensitive probes for extracting the information on the nuclear equation of state of the dense medium formed in such reactions. In this paper, we will give a brief review on recent measurements of strangeness production in Au + Au collisions at 
3 GeV with the STAR experiment fixed target configuration at RHIC, including results for 
, 
, 
, 
and 
.The focus is placed on particle yields and yield ratios, and their dependence on collision centrality and collision energy. These results are compared to predictions from thermal model and hadronic transport models, offering insights into the strangeness production mechanism and the properties of the medium at high baryon density.
Copyright comment Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
L. Zhang, Y. Zhou, Y. Wang and N. Xu contributed equally to this work.
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to EDP Sciences, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2026
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
