https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-026-02330-x
Regular Article
Modified mean-field approach for analyzing concentrated ferrofluids: effect of three-particle correlations
Department of Theoretical and Mathematical Physics, Ural Federal University, Lenin Ave., 51, 620000, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation
a
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Received:
13
March
2026
Accepted:
20
April
2026
Published online:
29
April
2026
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are widely employed in cutting-edge technological applications, as well as in diagnostic and therapeutic medicine. In this work, we propose a modification of the first-order mean-field model for a suspension of MNPs in the case of a suspension of MNPs with moderate intensity of the interparticle dipole–dipole interaction. The theoretical approach is based on the expansion of the pair correlation function of the suspension into a power series in terms of both MNP concentration and interaction strength. The three-particle correlations contribute not only to dipole-type magnetic fields, but also result in the appearance of the magnetic fields of the quadrupole type. We demonstrate that multiparticle correlations play a crucial role in determining the properties of ensembles of MNPs suspended in liquid carriers. Our results may be used to predict the field-induced behavior of these suspensions and the formation of concentration patterns.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to EDP Sciences, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2026
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
