https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-026-02375-y
Review
Green synthesis, properties and sensing prospectives of banana waste biomass derived nanomaterials: a review
1
Institute of Management Studies, Ghaziabad (University Course Campus), NH 09, Adhyatmik Nagar, 201015, Ghaziabad, India
2
Department of Chemistry, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, 281406, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
3
Department of Dialysis Therapy, SRM School of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, 603203, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, India
4
Department of Environmental Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, (A Central University), 110025, New Delhi, India
5
Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
6
Department of Physics, Purnea College, Purnea University, 854301, Purnea, Bihar, India
7
Department of Physics, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), 248002, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
8
LCB Fertilizers Pvt. Ltd., 273015, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
9
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, 303007, Jaipur, India
10
Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, 303007, Jaipur, India
a
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b
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Received:
9
November
2025
Accepted:
3
May
2026
Published online:
1
July
2026
Abstract
Banana biomass, which encompasses banana peels, banana plant stems, bracts, and leaves, is a common solid biowaste among various fruit plant wastes. The naturally occurring bioactive compounds found in these biomasses can be utilized to produce a variety of nanomaterials, serving as reducing and capping agents as well as a source of carbon for producing carbon-based nanomaterials. This review comprehensively explores the utilization of banana biomass in producing different types of nanostructures, including metallic nanoparticles (NPs), metal oxide NPs, and carbon-based nanomaterials. Discussion has been made on the different synthesis approaches, growth mechanisms, and physicochemical properties of the variety of nanomaterials produced from banana biomass. Furthermore, emphasis has been given to the applications of banana biomass-derived nanomaterials in preparing different sensing platforms and sensing probes based on different techniques, e.g., electrochemical and colorimetric methods that involve different mechanisms such as amperometric, surface plasmon resonance, and fluorescence quenching. Future prospects and challenges have been discussed in detail to open this research area towards green route synthesis approaches. This review may serve as a platform for advancing waste to value transformation in reference to developing nanomaterials for practical applications in the field of biomedical and environmental monitoring.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to EDP Sciences, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2026
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
