https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-026-02404-w
Regular Article
Simulation studies of beam-induced background and space charge effects on Time Projection Chamber for the CEPC
1
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
2
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
3
State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, 100049, Beijing, China
4
School of Physics and Technology, Central China Normal University, 430079, Wuhan, China
5
Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
a
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Received:
13
April
2026
Accepted:
20
May
2026
Published online:
31
May
2026
Abstract
The Time Projection Chamber (TPC) has been selected as the baseline main tracker detector (MTK) for the Circular Electron Positron Collider Reference Detector Technical Design Report (CEPC Ref-TDR). As a lepton collider, the CEPC can provide a cleaner experimental environment compared to hadron colliders. However, a certain amount of background remains unavoidable. The beam-induced background (BIB) is the most important source of space charge in the TPC. Severe space charge effect poses a critical challenge for the TPC operation and degrades its tracking performance. In this paper, we present the space charge density generated in the TPC by two categories of BIB in the CEPC Ref-TDR, together with the corresponding deviations in electron drift paths. Subsequently, we propose several optimization strategies for the Machine-Detector Interface (MDI) region aimed at reducing the space charge density within the TPC. The space charge density can be suppressed significantly, with the maximum value falling below 1 nC/m
for both the Higgs (H) and Low Lumi. Z modes of the CEPC. Finally, we present the momentum resolution of the TPC after the MDI region optimization: the resolution degradation is less than 5% under two operation modes.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to EDP Sciences, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2026
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
