https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-022-00754-9
Regular Article
Attosecond probing of photoionization dynamics from diatomic to many-atom molecules
University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
c
vincent.loriot@univ-lyon1.fr
Received:
12
May
2022
Accepted:
6
December
2022
Published online:
11
January
2023
The natural diversity of molecules in terms of geometries, chemical properties, work functions, among others, offers an impressive laboratory for observing fundamental electron dynamics down to the attosecond timescale. Here, we use some recent angularly resolved Wigner time delay measurements performed in our attoscience laboratory in Lyon to illustrate the electron dynamics in molecules containing a few (N
, CH, and CH
) to many atoms (C
H
and CH
). In the few-atom case, the Wigner delay can be measured for a particular electronic state. This allows us to identify the underlying physical mechanisms governing photoionization processes, such as the well-known shape resonance in valence-ionized nitrogen molecule. Promising new experimental results using angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy on ethylene show a tendency in the ionization time delay between the X and A states. As a perspective, we show that for many-atom molecules (C
and CH
, with 
or 16), the photoionization metrology can address different kinds of electron dynamics with a collective behavior.
Key words: Attoscience / RABBIT measurements / Wigner delay
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