https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-025-01774-x
Review
Neutrino sources: from meV to EeV
1
Institute of Physics, Sachivalaya Marg, Sainik School Post, 751005, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
2
Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, 400094, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
3
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, 52242, Iowa City, IA, USA
4
Department of Physics, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, 751004, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Received:
23
November
2024
Accepted:
27
June
2025
Published online:
22
July
2025
Neutrinos are among the most abundant fundamental particles in the Universe, produced across a wide variety of natural sources. Their energies span an immense range, from meV to ultra-high energies (UHE) in the EeV range. Natural sources include the Sun, Earth’s core, the atmosphere, and other astrophysical objects. Neutrinos are also generated artificially in nuclear reactors and particle accelerators. This article provides an overview of these diverse neutrino sources, focusing on the current state of research and recent advancements in each sector.
© The Author(s) 2025
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