https://doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2017-70073-9
Regular Article
Nonlinear ion transport in liquid and solid electrolytes
Department of Chemistry, University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
a e-mail: roling@staff.uni-marburg.de
Received: 24 March 2017
Revised: 2 June 2017
Published online: 10 August 2017
This paper describes nonlinear ion transport properties of liquid and solid electrolytes. Typically, the relation between ionic current density and electric field becomes nonlinear at electric fields above 50–100 kV/cm. We review the 1st and 2nd Wien effect found in classical strong and weak electrolyte solutions as well as the strong nonlinear ion transport effects observed for inorganic glasses and for polymer electrolytes. Furthermore, we give an overview over models describing nonlinear ion transport in electrolyte solutions, in glasses and in polymers. Recent results are presented for the nonlinear ionic conductivity of supercooled ionic liquids. We show that supercooled ionic liquids exhibit anomalous Wien effects, which are clearly distinct from the classical Wien effects. We also discuss the frequency dependence of higher-order conductivity and permittivity spectra of these liquids.
© EDP Sciences, Springer-Verlag, 2017