https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-022-00584-9
Regular Article
Natural convection investigation under influence of internal bodies within a nanofluid-filled square cavity
1
M.O.E, General Company of Electricity Production AL-Furat Middle Region, East Diwanyah D.P.P, 58001, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
2
Water Resources Engineering College, Al-Qasim Green University, Al Qasim, Iraq
3
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Al-Qadisiyah, 58001, Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq
4
Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Techniques Engineering Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq
5
Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Universite du 20 août 1955-Skikda, Skikda, Algeria
Received:
20
November
2021
Accepted:
3
May
2022
Published online:
16
May
2022
The current article presents a numerical simulation of the nanofluid convection inside a square enclosure with two inner adiabatic circular bodies. Galerkin finite-element analysis was utilized to solve the governing equations under the assumptions of laminar, steady flow conditions considering a homogeneous single-phase approach. The parameters under investigation are Rayleigh number (Ra), solid volume fraction, the horizontal position of the two inner cylinders, and the inclination angle of the enclosure. The results indicate that increasing the Rayleigh number, and the solid volume fraction improves the heat transport rate. It is obtained that at low Ra, there is no significant impact on the enclosure angle, while as the Ra goes up, the heat transfer rate increases gradually. In addition, the best location of the internal bodies is in the middle of the cavity as it exhibits an increase in the flow velocity. To obtain the highest Nusselt number, it is recommended to use an inclination angle of 30 at any value of the Rayleigh number.
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to EDP Sciences, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022