https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-025-01545-8
Regular Article
Enhanced and collimated terahertz waves through a laser irradiating into a tube target
1
Department of Nuclear Physics, China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(7), 102413, Beijing, China
2
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi’an, China
a
wsun@mail.bnu.edu.cn
b
lvchong@ciae.ac.cn
c
wanfeng@xjtu.edu.cn
Received:
9
October
2024
Accepted:
21
February
2025
Published online:
12
March
2025
We put forward a novel method to enhance and collimate terahertz waves by illuminating a tube target with a linearly polarized femtosecond laser. This target comprises a longitudinal channel, followed by a transverse flat target. The findings show that the interaction between the laser and the channel significantly reduces the transverse divergence of electrons while boosting their maximum cutoff energy. Consequently, the terahertz waves undergo effective collimation and enhanced intensity. Employing two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, we demonstrate that when the length and diameter of the channel are set to 90.0
and 12.0, the pointing angles of the terahertz waves are about 
5.7
and 6.6, respectively. Furthermore, the study delves into the individual impacts of laser and target parameters on the enhancement and collimation of terahertz waves. This method may serve as a novel pathway for enhancing and collimating terahertz radiation through the laser–solid interactions, offering a reliable and efficient solutions for terahertz radiation applications.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to EDP Sciences, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
