https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-025-01569-0
Review
Askaryan radio detectors: the path towards IceCube-Gen2 radio
Interuniversity Institute for High Energies (IIHE), Service de physique de particules élémentaires, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP230, Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
Received:
2
October
2024
Accepted:
6
March
2025
Published online:
27
March
2025
Ultra-high-energy neutrinos 
PeV) are anticipated to originate in cosmic environments through interactions between ultra-high-energy cosmic rays and matter or photon fields. Askaryan detectors are designed to detect these neutrinos by exploiting the Askaryan effect, a phenomenon first theorized by Gurgen Askaryan in 1962, which describes the coherent radio emission generated when high-energy neutrinos interact with dense dielectric media such as ice, salt, or lunar regolith. This review begins by discussing the current status of neutrino astronomy, establishing the Askaryan radio technique as a critical advancement for probing the highest-energy regimes. We examine the detection techniques and the progress of both past and present experimental efforts leading up to the anticipated IceCube-Gen2 radio array. Our goal is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current landscape and future prospects of Askaryan neutrino detection, underscoring its importance in deepening our understanding of ultra-high-energy cosmic phenomena.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to EDP Sciences, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
